United States

Four Scotiabank traders based in New York, London and Hong Kong placed thousands of orders in precious metals futures between 2008 and 2016 to manipulate prices.

The UN Security Council has rejected a US resolution to extend an international arms embargo on Iran due to expire on 18 October.

The investigation into follows an April report from Wolfpack Research alleging Nasdaq-listed iQiyi inflated its revenue, user numbers and expenses.

Fed governor Lael Brainard said lessons from the collaboration will be published, and any codebase developed will be offered as open-source software.

Chinese companies already listed on US bourses will have until 1 January 2022 comply with tougher IPO standards. New listings will have to comply sooner.

PBOC governor Yi Gang says China will continue to open up its financial sector in line with the phase one trade deal signed with the US in January.

“China has decided to impose sanctions on those individuals who behaved badly on Hong Kong-related issues,” said a spokesperson, without specifying what the sanctions would entail.

A presidential working group which includes the chairmen of the SEC, CFTC and Fed has recommended changes to US listing rules to require access to companies' audit papers.

The HKMA says unilateral sanctions imposed by foreign governments have "no legal status" in Hong Kong and banks should endeavour to treat customers fairly.

The XPCC is considered by OFAC to be a paramilitary organisation with large commercial operations that that are likely to be impacted by US sanctions.